The countries which referred as Middle East, is the term for a region consisting of countries such as south Asian country, usually at least part of North Africa. The common question always raised about the name Middle East is Middle of What? and East of What?. This term is now widespread in the region and outside the region, it is in fact new term. This term is first used in 1902 by United States naval officer in his article. This was firstly used to distinguish the area east of the Near East – the Ottoman Empire and the Balkans – and West India. It included Persia and Afghanistan.
Famous Middle East Countries and their Culture
The Far East presented the countries of East Asia including Japan, China and Korea. The term is Eurocentric- the region is east frok the perspective of western Europe, but not from Russia or China or Africa. Middle East is the synonym of Near East and is widely used in Today’s time. The region may be defined by physical geography: for instance areas bordered by rivers or mountains or seas, or areas which share a similar climate and topography. It is also defined by human geography characteristics like same language, historical experience, similar cultural practices and same religion. So let’s know Top 4 famous Middle East Countries and their Culture.
1. Egypt
2. Morocco
3. Saudi Arabia
4. United Arab Emirates
1. Egypt
It is the 15th most populous country in the world, is an Arab nation bordered by Libya, Israel and Sudan. This country is situated in Africa. The people of Egypt have lived in that region for thousands and thousands of years. The Egyptian who was ancient settled around the Nile river and built pyramids that we can still see there in today’s times. It is known that the ancient Egyptian knew a lot about Mathematics, Farming and Medicines. This country’s people made their own paper out of reeds called papyrus and wrote using pictures called hieroglyphics.
Culture
1. The people of Egypt settled in Northeast Africa, and the place called Egypt today.
2. The area of the country is very dry, they have source of water from Nile River which is the longest in world. Because of this river they were able to grow crops.
3. They used machines like the shaduf and sakta for farming to water crops. These techniques are still used in Egypt.
4. Only some people knew how to read and write and also worked as scribes.
5. The Egyptian people have built pyramids. They used these places to bury their queens an kings, who were called Pharaohs.
Foods
Ful Medames, Tamiya, Koshari, Shawarma, Kebab and Kofta, Mulukhiyah, Pigeon, Egyptian Desserts, Baklava, Feteer Meshaltet, Baba Ganoush, Mahshi, Besarah, Alexandrian Kebdah, Sayadiyah Fish, Hawawshi, Kanafeh, Basbousa, Baked sweet potato.
Main Cities of Egypt
Cairo, Aswan, Luxor, Alexandria, Sharm El Sheikh, Hurghada, Giza, Shubra el-Khema.
2. Morocco
Destination Morocco, a Nations Online country profile of the Arab kingdom in the western part of the Maghreb in North Africa, officially known as the Kingdom of Morocco. The country borders the Atlantic Ocean in the west, the Mediterranean Sea in the north, it shares maritime borders with Portugal and Spain. Morocco borders Algeria in the east and Western Sahara in the south. The non self government territory, claimed by Morocco, borders Mauritania in the Moroccan-controlled part of Western Sahara.
It has a land border with Spain at the Spanish exclaves of Ceuta and Melilla, the two populated Spanish territories on the African mainland. The kingdom covers an area of 446,550 km2 (excluding Western Sahara); compared, it is slightly smaller than Sweden or somewhat larger than California. The country has a population of 36.3 million (in 2021); the capital city is Rabat, the largest city is Casablanca. Spoken languages are Arabic, several Berber dialects and French.
Culture
1. Magical Morocco will mesmerize you with its myriad colourful motifs and most of them lie embedded in the rich culture of Morocco.
2. Islam is the official religion of Morocco, but the coexistence with other religions is perfect.
3. Moroccan culture is also praised fir language diversity. Apart from classical Arabic, the language of education, administration and media, the daily language in Morocco is dialect, Tamazight (Berber) which spoken in the Rif, the Atlas, and the Souss and it varies by region.
Foods
B’ssara, Tagine, Fish Chermoula, Harira, Kefta Tagine, Couscous, Makouda, Zaalouk, B’stilla, Mint tea.
Main Cities of Morocco
Rabat, Marrakesh, Fes, Casablanca, Meknes, Tetouan, Agadir, Essaouira, Sale.
3. Saudi Arabia
It is also called “The Kingdom of Saudi Arabia“. It is the largest country on the Arabian Peninsula. The Kingdom is sometimes also called “The Land of the Two Holy Mosques” in reference to Mecca and Madina, considered by Islam to be the world’s two holiest cities in the world. This country is the world’s leading petroleum producer and exporter and petroleum exports fuel to Saudi economy. Its oil accounts for more than 90% of exports and nearly 75% of government revenues facilitating the creation of a welfare state which the government has found difficult to fund during periods of low oil prices. The Saudi Arabia government requires all citizens to be Muslims and most of the population adheres to a fundamentalist theological interpretation with Islam most commonly known as Wahhabism. Big oil revenues give an immense impetus to the spread of this variety of Islamic theology around the world.
Culture
1. Islam practiced by all Saudis and governs their personal, political, economic and legal lives.
2. Islam was born in this country and thus is visited by millions of Muslims every year.
3. The family and tribe are the basis of the social structure.
4. Families tend to be large and the extended family is quite close.
5. Saudi Arabia celebrate 23rd September as Saudi National Day.
6. Social division exist in the country’s society mainly between locals and foreign, expatriate workers.
7. Oil is Saudi Arabia’s number one earning sources since discovery.
8. Literature and high class Arabic poetry is valued.
Foods
Basbousa, Muhallebi, Kanafeh, Roz Bukhari, Manthoo, Mabshoor, Dates Mohalla, Saleeg, Sambusak, Mutabbaq, Aseedah, Markook, Khmer, Kabsa, Ka’ak, Jalamah, Mandi, Madfoon, Hininy.
Main Cities of Saudi Arabia
Riyadh, Jeddah, Makkah, Madina, Dammam, Taif, Al-Kharj, Khobar, Tabuk, Dhahran.
4. United Arab Emirates
This country “The United Arab Emirates” also known as UAE consists of the seven small Emirates of Abu Dhabi, Dubai, Sharjah, Ras Al-Khaimah, Ajman, Umm Al-Qaiwain and Fujairah, which were united as a federal state on two December 1971. Before the establishment of the oil economy in the early 1960s, to main orientation shaped traditional emiriati culture: the nomadic desert oriented Bedouins with small Oasis farming with the broader context of the desert economy and culture, and the sea oriented culture that revolved around pearling and sea trading. These subcultures were economically, politically and socially interdependent, creating a common cultural and social identity. The United Arab Emirates shares significant aspects of its culture with neighbouring Arab countries and the larger Arab culture.
Culture
1. Experience the traditional Emiraiti sport of falconry which has been practiced for over 2000 years with special breeding and rearing methods being past down through generations.
2. A visit to Abu Dhabi would not be complete without getting a beautiful floral Heena pattern on your hands or feet. Henna is a non-permanent plant dye that has been used through out Arabia for centuries, emerging as a creative way to celebrate festival.
3. The Saluki has been a hunting and guard dog for the people of the Arabian Peninsula for 5,000 years. Its speed, Intelligence and loyalty make it much-beloved breed.
4. With over 400 kilometres of pristine coastline and hundreds of natural islands, it’s no surprise that the rich heritage and culture of Abu Dhabi and the UAE is intricately interwind with the Arabian Gulf’s turquoise waters.
Foods
Mahalabiya, Luqaimat, Chelo Kebab, Fatteh, Khuzi, Balaleet, Shirin Polo, Kousa Mahshi, Thereed, Fattoush, Al Machboos, Al Harees, Manakish, Shish Tawouk Sandwich, Shawarma.
Main Cities of United Arab Emirates
Dubai, Abu Dhabi, Ajman, Sharjah, Ras Al-Khaimah, Fujairah, Al Ain, Zayed City, Kalba, Dibba Al-Hisn, Umm Al Quwain, Khor Fakkan.
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